UNUTULMA HAKKI VE \u0130FADE \u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc<\/p>\n
Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keni ,20.y\u00fczy\u0131l K\u0131ta Avrupas\u0131 hukukuna dayansa da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde s\u0131kl\u0131kla internet ortam\u0131ndaki veriler i\u00e7in g\u00fcndeme gelmektedir.\u00a0\u00a0 20.y\u00fczy\u0131lda bilgisayar\u0131n icat edilmesiyle ba\u015flayan teknoloji \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ,ve bilgisayar\u0131n ke\u015ffini takip eden teknolojik geli\u015fmeler ba\u015fta sosyal hayat olmak \u00fczere insan hayat\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fimi beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir. \u0130nternet ,geleneksel kitle ileti\u015fim ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla geni\u015fletti\u011fi etki alan\u0131 sayesinde toplumsal alanlarda s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f,Bu durum ,Manuel Castells taraf\u0131ndan: Bireyler art\u0131k k\u00fcresel ve yerel olarak \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, birbiriyle ba\u011f(\u0131nt\u0131)l\u0131 a\u011f toplumu i\u00e7inde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r\u201d c\u00fcmlesiyle ifade edilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 \u0130nternetin neredeyse s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z veri depolama imkan\u0131 sunmas\u0131 ile kusursuz haf\u0131zas\u0131 ve internette bilgiye eri\u015fimin olduk\u00e7a kolay ve h\u0131zl\u0131 h\u00e2le gelmi\u015f normal \u015fartlarda toplumsal haf\u0131zadan silinecek olaylar\u0131, \u00fczerlerinden y\u0131llar ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsa da ula\u015f\u0131labilir ve bu bilgileri neredeyse unutulmaz k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r .\u0130nternette yer alan ve uzun y\u0131llar korunan bilgiler ,ki\u015finin ge\u00e7mi\u015fin izleri g\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015famak mecburiyetinde kalmas\u0131na neden olmakta ,ki\u015finin yeni bir hayat kurmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyerek toplumsal bask\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkileri alt\u0131nda y\u0131pranmas\u0131na yol almaktad\u0131r.Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan y\u00f6n\u00fc tart\u0131\u015fma konusu olup,unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 i\u00e7tihatlar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda belirlenmi\u015fse de ,somut olaya g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
UNUTULMA HAKKI KAVRAMI<\/p>\n
\u0130ngilizce literat\u00fcrde right to be forgotten\u201d, \u201cright to erasure\u201d, \u201cright to oblivion\u201d terimleriyle ifade edilen unutulma hakk\u0131;ki\u015fisel verinin \u00f6znesi konumundan olan bireyin,hukuka uygun ve me\u015fru \u00a0olarak yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ve ki\u015finin g\u00fcncel durumunu yans\u0131tmayan\u00a0 bilgilerinin eri\u015fimden kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 isteme hakk\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu’nun 25 17\/06\/2015, 2014\/4-56 E, 2015\/1679 K.say\u0131l\u0131\u00a0 karar\u0131nda unutulma hakk\u0131 \u201c\u00fcst\u00fcn bir kamu yarar\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece dijital haf\u0131zada yer alan ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ya\u015fanan olumsuz olaylar\u0131n bir s\u00fcre sonra unutulmas\u0131n\u0131, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n bilmesini istemedi\u011fi ki\u015fisel verilen silinmesini ve yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleme hakk\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Karara konu olayda davac\u0131, kamu g\u00f6revlisi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurumda ,ayn\u0131 yerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir ba\u015fka kamu g\u00f6revlisi taraf\u0131ndan s\u00f6zl\u00fc ve fiziksel tacize u\u011fram\u0131\u015f, ma\u011fdur davac\u0131 olay hakk\u0131nda \u015fikayette bulunmu\u015f ,yarg\u0131lama s\u0131ras\u0131nda olay\u0131 detaylar\u0131yla anlatm\u0131\u015f ve yarg\u0131lama sonunda san\u0131k ceza alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu taciz olay\u0131 ve karar,ma\u011fdur ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ismi rumuzlanmadan, alt\u0131 ciltlik bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan kitapta yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu ,s\u00f6z konusu kitapta yer alan bu bilgilerin ,ma\u011fdurun unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n\u0131n gizlili\u011fini ihlal etti\u011fi gerek\u00e7eleriyle lehine manevi tazminat \u00f6denmesi gerekti\u011fine karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Unutulma hakk\u0131 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ile\u00a0 ki\u015fisel verilerin korunmas\u0131 hakk\u0131 birbiriyle ili\u015fkili kavramlard\u0131r. Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131ran nokta, unutulma hakk\u0131na konu olan ki\u015fisel verilerin hukuka uygun olarak ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f ve yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay ,ki\u015fisel veri kavram\u0131ndan ki\u015finin kimli\u011fini belirleyen veya belirlenebilir k\u0131lan ,ki\u015finin niteliklerini ortaya koymaya elveri\u015fli ve ki\u015fi\u00a0 toplumda yer lan di\u011fer bireylerden ay\u0131ran n\u00fcfus bilgileri ,adli sicil kayd\u0131 ,siyasi ,felsefi ,dini g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc gibi ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fiye ait her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bilginin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r .Ki\u015fisel veri, kimli\u011fi belirli ya da belirlenebilir ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fiye ili\u015fkin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bilgidir.<\/em><\/p>\n Unutulma hakk\u0131 ,bireye ki\u015fisel verileri hakk\u0131nda kontrol hakk\u0131 vererek bireyin ge\u00e7mi\u015finin k\u00f6t\u00fc izlerinden kurtulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakta ,bireye hayat\u0131nda yeni bir saya a\u00e7ma imkan\u0131 tan\u0131yarak bireyin onurlu ya\u015famas\u0131 ve\u00a0 ki\u015fili\u011fini serbest\u00e7e geli\u015ftirmesine imkan tan\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bireyin ki\u015fisel verileri \u00fczerinde serbest\u00e7e tasarrufta bulunmas\u0131 yetkisini tan\u0131yan unutulma hakk\u0131, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kalm\u0131\u015f ancak tekrar g\u00fcndeme gelmesi rahats\u0131zl\u0131k uyand\u0131racak ki\u015fisel verilerin ki\u015fi aleyhine kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesini sa\u011flayarak\u00a0 bireyi sosyal, ekonomik ve mesleki anlamda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131 zorluklardan ve u\u011frayabilece\u011fi zararlardan korumaktad\u0131r.Genel kabul unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir ki\u015filik hakk\u0131 oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeyse de , unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131 ,mahremiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n uzant\u0131s\u0131 olarak nitelendiren bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f de \u00a0mevcuttur.<\/p>\n UNUTULMA HAKKININ TAR\u0130HSEL GEL\u0130\u015e\u0130M\u0130<\/p>\n Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta eski h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fclerin su\u00e7lar\u0131 ba\u011flam\u0131nda, adli sicil kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n silinmesi veya eri\u015fimden kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015feklinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1973 y\u0131l\u0131nda Lebavh karar\u0131nda Alman Federal Anayasa Mahkemesi, eski bir su\u00e7lunun foto\u011fraf\u0131n\u0131n ve ad\u0131n\u0131n bu su\u00e7 ile ilgili\u00a0 belgeselde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, insan onuru ve kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirmi\u015f, su\u00e7luya y\u00fcklenen dezavantajlar\u0131n, su\u00e7un ciddiyeti veya kamu yarar\u0131 ile orant\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir karar vererek, s\u00f6z konusu su\u00e7 ile ilgili bilgi alma hakk\u0131n\u0131n, su\u00e7un g\u00fcncelli\u011fini yitirdikten sonra tekrar g\u00fcndeme getirilmesinin ki\u015filik hakk\u0131 ihlali olu\u011funa karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n \u201cUnutulma hakk\u0131\u201dn\u0131n hukuk literat\u00fcr\u00fcne kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve uluslaras\u0131 tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131k kazanmas\u0131na neden olan karar . Google \u0130spanya karar\u0131d\u0131r. Costeja Gonz\u00e1lez\u2019in bor\u00e7lar\u0131 neden\u0130yle mallar\u0131 haczedilmi\u015f,mallara ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131k art\u0131rma ilanlar\u0131 ilgili sitede saklanm\u0131\u015f ve\u00a0 Costeja Gonz\u00e1lez\u2019in\u00a0 \u0130smi Google \u00fczerinden arat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk \u00e7\u0131kan sonucun bu ilanlar oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Costeja Gonz\u00e1lez unutulma hakk\u0131na dayanarak ,20 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir ilgili sitede saklanan bu ilanlar\u0131n\u00a0 yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n hacze ili\u015fkin i\u015flemlerin uzun s\u00fcre \u00f6nce tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 ,bunun ilanda yer almas\u0131n\u0131n yarars\u0131z oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle ilanlar\u0131n\u00a0 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n arama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep etmi\u015ftir. ABAD, do\u011fru olan bir bilgi hukuka uygun olarak yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f olsabile -somut olayda gazete haberi olarak-, zaman\u0131n ge\u00e7mesiyle bu bilginin yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 h\u00e2le gelebilece\u011fine h\u00fckmetmi\u015f, aramamotoru i\u015fletmecilerine, bu t\u00fcr bilgileri i\u00e7eren web sitelerine ili\u015fkin ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 arama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan kald\u0131rma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc getirilmi\u015ftir. ABAD\u2019\u0131n bu karar\u0131 \u00fczerine Google, unutulma hakk\u0131na ili\u015fkin ba\u015fvurular i\u00e7in bir web formunu kullan\u0131ma a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f[5] ve ilk gu\u0308nde 12,000, bir ay\u0131n sonunda ise toplam 250,000 ba\u015fvuru alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.G \u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde unutulma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda web sitelerine yap\u0131lan ba\u015fvurular\u0131n %80\u2019inin bireysel k\u00f6keni oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk litrat\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u201cunutulma hakk\u0131\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda bir d\u00fczenleme bulunmamakla birlikte Anayas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ile bu hak korunmu\u015f, Yarg\u0131tay ve AYM karar\u0131 unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasan\u0131n ,\u201c\u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fi\u201d kenar ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 20.madddesnin 3.f\u0131rkas\u0131nda \u201cherkesin, kendisiyle ilgili ki\u015fisel verilerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 isteme hakk\u0131\u201d d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f ve bu hakk\u0131n , \u201cki\u015finin kendisiyle ilgili ki\u015fisel\u00a0 veriler hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirilmesi, bu verilere eri\u015fmesi, bunlar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesini veya silinmesini isteme ve ama\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda kullan\u0131l\u0131p kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmeyi\u201d kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edilmi\u015ftir. TMK m. 23, \u201ckimsenin hak ve fiil ehliyetlerinden k\u0131smen de olsa vazge\u00e7emeyece\u011fini, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinden vazge\u00e7emeyece\u011fini veya onlar\u0131 hukuka ya da ahl\u00e2ka ayk\u0131r\u0131\u00a0 olarak s\u0131n\u0131rlayamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d d\u00fczenlemi\u015f, TMK m24 ile\u00a0 \u201chukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak ki\u015filik hakk\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131lan ki\u015finin, h\u00e2kimden, sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunanlara kar\u015f\u0131 korunmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilece\u011fi\u201d h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n KVKK madde\u00a0 7 \u201cki\u015fisel verilerin silinmesi, yok edilmesi veya anonim h\u00e2le getirilmesi\u201d ne ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeler i\u00e7erir. Ki\u015fisel Verilerin Silinmesi, Yok Edilmesi veya Anonim Hale Getirilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re \u201cki\u015fisel verilerin silinmesi, bu verilerin ilgili kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir surette eri\u015filemez, yeniden kullan\u0131lamaz hale getirilmesi\u201d, \u201cki\u015fisel verilerin yok edilmesi, bu verilerin hi\u00e7 kimse taraf\u0131ndan hi\u00e7bir surette eri\u015filemez, geri getirilemez, yeniden kullan\u0131lamaz hale getirilmez.<\/p>\n \u0130nternet Ortam\u0131nda Yap\u0131lan Yay\u0131nlar\u0131n D\u00fczenlenmesi ve Bu Yay\u0131nlar Yoluyla \u0130\u015flenen Su\u00e7larla M\u00fccadele Edilmesi Hakk\u0131nda Kanun gere\u011fi\u00a0 \u201cinternet ortam\u0131nda yap\u0131lan yay\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi nedeniyle ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini iddia eden ger\u00e7ek ve t\u00fczel ki\u015filer ile kurum ve kurulu\u015flar, i\u00e7erik sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na, buna ula\u015famamas\u0131 halinde yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na ba\u015fvurarak uyar\u0131 y\u00f6ntemiyle i\u00e7eri\u011fin yay\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya do\u011frudan sulh ceza hakimine ba\u015fvurarak i\u00e7eri\u011fin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve\/veya eri\u015fimin engellenmesini isteyebilirler<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n 1.\u0130FADE \u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc<\/p>\n Anayasa Mahkemesi taraf\u0131ndan sadece \u2018d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaate sahip olma\u2019 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda sahip olunan \u2018d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaati (g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc) a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yayma\u2019, buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u2018haber veya g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alma ve verme\u2019 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini de kapsayacak \u015fekilse tan\u0131mlanan ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ;bireylerin serbest\u00e7e haber ve bilgilere, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n fikirlerine ula\u015fabilmesi, edindi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaatlerden dolay\u0131 k\u0131nanamamas\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na veya ba\u015fkalar\u0131yla birlikte \u00e7e\u015fitli yollarla serbest\u00e7e ifade edebilmesi, anlatabilmesi, savunabilmesi, ba\u015fkalar\u0131na aktarabilmesi ve yayabilmesi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n ULUSLARASI MET\u0130NLERDE \u0130FADE \u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc<\/p>\n \u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Bildirgesi 19.madde ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r .Buna g\u00f6re; herkesin kanaat ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r; bu hak, m\u00fcdahale olmaks\u0131z\u0131n kanaat ta\u015f\u0131ma ve herhangi bir yoldan ve \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeksizin bilgi ve fikirlere ula\u015fmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, onlar\u0131 edinme ve yayma serbestli\u011fini de kapsar.<\/em><\/p>\n Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi m10\/1 h\u00fckm\u00fc ile herkesin ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu belirtilerek ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn evrenselli\u011fi ve genelli\u011fi\u00a0 vurgulanm\u0131\u015f, devletlerin radyo, televizyon ve sinema i\u015fletmelerini bir izin rejimine tabi tutmalar\u0131na engel olmamakla birlikte ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn kapsam\u0131 ,\u00a0 ,kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ve \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeksizin, kanaat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve haber ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alma ve de verme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de i\u00e7erecek \u015fekilde belirlenmi\u015ftir<\/p>\n Uluslararas\u0131 Medeni ve Siyasi Haklar S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nde ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 19. ve 20. maddeleri kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmektedir.<\/p>\n MSH S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u00a0 19. Maddesi gere\u011fi herkes, kimsenin m\u00fcdahalesi olmaks\u0131z\u0131n istedi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye sahip olma ve fikirlerini a\u00e7\u0131klama\u00a0 hakk\u0131na sahiptir.\u00a0 Herkes, fikirlerini a\u00e7\u0131klama hakk\u0131na sahiptir; bu hak, evrenseldir ve herkesin \u00fclkesel s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n her \u00e7e\u015fit bilgiyi ve fikri s\u00f6zl\u00fc, yaz\u0131l\u0131 ya da bas\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde, sanat eserleri bi\u00e7iminde ya da kendi se\u00e7ece\u011fi herhangi bir ba\u015fka bi\u00e7imde ara\u015ft\u0131rma, edinme ve iletme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de i\u00e7erir.Bu hakk\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00f6zel baz\u0131 g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 da beraberinde getirir, bunlara baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar da konulabilir; ancak, bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n yasalarda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 ,ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n haklar\u0131na ve \u015f\u00f6hretine sayg\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ve ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fin, kamu d\u00fczeninin ya da kamu sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve genel ahlak\u0131n korumas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan gerekli olmas\u0131 zorunludur.<\/p>\n T\u00dcRK\u0130YE CUMHUR\u0130YET\u0130 ANAYASASI KAPSAMINDA \u0130FADE \u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131nda ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ili\u015fkin pek \u00e7ok d\u00fczenleme mevcuttur. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 25. ve 26.maddeleri bunlar\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131d\u0131r.Anayasan\u0131n \u201cD\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaat h\u00fcrriyeti\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 25.maddesi ile herkesin \u00a0d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaat h\u00fcrriyetine sahip oldu\u011fu ve her ne sebep ve ama\u00e7la olursa olsun kimsenin, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaatlerini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya zorlanamaz; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kanaatleri sebebiyle k\u0131nanamayaca\u011fan\u0131 ve su\u00e7lanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Anayasan\u0131n \u201cD\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yayma h\u00fcrriyeti\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131\u00a0 26.maddesi ile ifade edildi\u011fi \u00fczere Herkes, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve kanaatlerini s\u00f6z, yaz\u0131, resim veya ba\u015fka yollarla tek ba\u015f\u0131na\u00a0 veya toplu olarak a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yayma hakk\u0131na sahiptir .Haber ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri yayma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenleyici h\u00fck\u00fcmler, bunlar\u0131n yay\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellememek kayd\u0131yla, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi a\u00e7\u0131klama ve yayma h\u00fcrriyetinin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 say\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n \u0130FADE \u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dcN\u00dcN SINIRLANDIRILMASI<\/p>\n \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Bildirgesi 29. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n \u201cHerkes haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rken ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinden yararlan\u0131rken, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve bunlara sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve demokratik bir toplumda genel ahlak ve kamu d\u00fczeniyle genel refah\u0131n gereklerinin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla yaln\u0131z yasayla belirlenmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara ba\u011fl\u0131 olur.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u00a0 10.maddesinin 2.f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n (2)Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluk y\u00fckleyen bu \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler, demokratik bir toplumda, zorunlu tedbirler niteli\u011finde olarak, ulusal g\u00fcvenli\u011fin, toprak b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn veya kamu emniyetinin korunmas\u0131, kamu d\u00fczeninin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesinin \u00f6nlenmesi, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n veya ahlak\u0131n, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hret ve haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131, veya yarg\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn otorite ve tarafs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yasayla \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen baz\u0131 bi\u00e7im ko\u015fullar\u0131na, s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara ve yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara ba\u011flanabilir.<\/em><\/p>\n Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi m. 17\u2019de, haklar\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 yasa\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckme g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n \u201cBu S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u2019deki hi\u00e7bir h\u00fck\u00fcm, bir devlete, toplulu\u011fa veya ki\u015fiye, s\u00f6zle\u015fmede tan\u0131nan hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin yok edilmesi veya bunlar\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmede \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olandan daha geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan bir etkinli\u011fe giri\u015fme ya da eylemde bulunma hakk\u0131 verdi\u011fi bi\u00e7iminde yorumlanamaz.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n MHS S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin 19.maddesinin 3. F\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re; ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6zel baz\u0131 g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 da beraberinde getirir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bunlara baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar da konulabilir; ancak, bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n yasalarda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 ve;<\/p>\n MSH S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin 20.maddesini 2.f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n A\u0130HS ve A\u0130HM\u2019nin i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 incelendi\u011finde ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n getirilebilece\u011fi g\u00f6zlenmektedir. A\u0130HS kapsam\u0131nda genel bir s\u0131n\u0131rlamaya yer verilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in devletler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n da dar yorumlanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Nitekim ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar istisna niteli\u011finde olmal\u0131 ve\u00a0 demokratik toplumlarda temel ama\u00e7 \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n \u0130fade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilmesi i\u00e7im \u00f6ncelikle bu s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n kanun veya di\u011fer mevzuat h\u00fck\u00fcmleriyle \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir. S\u0131n\u0131rlamay\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren hukuki d\u00fczenleme, a\u00e7\u0131k ,\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir ve ula\u015f\u0131labilir olmal\u0131 ve uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan me\u015fru ama\u00e7lara hizmet ediyor olmal\u0131 ve s\u00f6z konusu s\u0131n\u0131rlama gerekli olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n A\u0130HS ve A\u0130HM\u2019nin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu i\u00e7tihatlar kapsam\u0131nda \u201cgereklilik\u201d, \u201cacil bir sosyal ihtiya\u00e7\u201d anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.\u00a0 Bunun de\u011ferlendirilmesi de Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan taraf devletlere b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bu noktada s\u00f6zle\u015fmeci devletlere takdir hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, ancak bu hak hi\u00e7bir zaman s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir hak olarak d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131n\u0131n 13.maddesi ile temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7er\u00e7evesi \u00e7izilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131<\/p>\n MADDE 13.- Temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetler, \u00f6zlerine dokunulmaks\u0131z\u0131n yaln\u0131zca Anayasan\u0131n ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ve ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir. Bu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar, Anayasan\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcne ve ruhuna, demokratik toplum d\u00fczeninin ve l\u00e2ik Cumhuriyetin gereklerine ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcl\u00fck ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olamaz.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n 13\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin yeni \u015fekline g\u00f6re temel hak ve h\u00fcrriyetlerin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/em><\/p>\n UNUTULMA HAKKININ KULLANILMA \u015eARTLARI VE SINIRI<\/p>\n Unutulma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda bir veriye eri\u015fimin engellenmesi ,verinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 kriterlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olmas\u0131 ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dayanaks\u0131z ve s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 a\u015fan nitelikte m\u00fcdahalelerin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Ki\u015filik hakk\u0131 de\u011feri olan unutulma hakk\u0131 ile ki\u015fisel veri , geri d\u00f6n\u00fclemez \u015fekilde yay\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131lmakta ve ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak bas\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. Rosen, \u201cunutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n gelecekte ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir tehdit oldu\u011funu, \u00f6zellikle K\u0131ta Avrupas\u0131 ile Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri (ABD)\u2019nin, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve mahremiyet hakk\u0131na bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 derinle\u015ftirebilece\u011fini\u201d s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/em> Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 ,bir fikre g\u00f6re ki\u015fi \u015f\u00f6hret ve onurunu korurken ba\u015fka bir fikre g\u00f6re ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131n\u0131 me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r . AY m. 28 \u201cbas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr oldu\u011funu, sans\u00fcr edilemeyece\u011fini\u201d belirtmi\u015ftir. Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ,temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklere zarar verme potansiyeli unutulmamal\u0131 ,ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilmesi i\u00e7in unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131 dar tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel kurulu kararlar\u0131nda unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, \u00fcst\u00fcn kamu yarar\u0131 olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. Kamu yarar\u0131 kavram\u0131 i\u00e7in kal\u0131pla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir tan\u0131m yapmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamakla birlikte, Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kamu yarar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0 ;bireysel, \u00f6zel \u00e7\u0131karlardan ayr\u0131 ve bunlara \u00fcst\u00fcn olan toplumsal yarar olarak tan\u0131mlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin, Yarg\u0131tay HGK, 12.6.2002 tarihli ve E. 2002\/480, K. 2002\/519 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda \u00a0, bas\u0131n\u0131n haber verme g\u00f6revini yerine getirirken kullanaca\u011f\u0131 bu hakk\u0131n \u00f6zel hukuk alan\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131; ger\u00e7eklik, g\u00fcncellik, kamu yarar\u0131 ve toplumsal ilgi, konu ile ifade aras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k kurallar\u0131d\u0131r. Haber verme hakk\u0131 bu s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece hukuka uygun oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015fti. Karar gere\u011fi ,bu unsurlardan biri olan ger\u00e7eklik; verilen habere ya da anlat\u0131lmak istenen amaca uygun yap\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. Di\u011fer bir anlat\u0131mla ger\u00e7eklik, haberin ve bir olaya dayanan ele\u015ftiride yay\u0131n\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 olay\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek olmas\u0131, ger\u00e7e\u011fe uygun olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Burada aranan ger\u00e7eklik ise somut ger\u00e7eklik olmay\u0131p haberin verildi\u011fi andaki beliri\u015f bi\u00e7imine, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrdeki ger\u00e7e\u011fe uygunluktur. Yay\u0131n\u0131n, ancak olay\u0131n maddi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi saptand\u0131ktan sonra verilebilece\u011fi kabul edilecek olursa, haber verme hakk\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc maddi ger\u00e7e\u011fin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 zaman al\u0131r. Gazeteci, maddi ger\u00e7e\u011fi ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak g\u00f6reviyle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n ABAD \u00a0,Google-\u0130spanya karar\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirme yaparken ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile \u00f6zel hayata sayg\u0131 hakk\u0131 aras\u0131nda denge sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Unutulma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda bir veriye eri\u015fimin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 baz\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi gerekir.Bu ko\u015fullar ,temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckler ile unutulma hakk\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmada temel hal ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin korunabilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in,<\/p>\n – Ki\u015fisel veriyi bar\u0131nd\u0131ran \u00a0olay veya durum , g\u00fcncelli\u011fini yitirmelidir. \u0130nternet veri taban\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyan olay veya duruma ili\u015fkin bilgilerin ,ne kadar zaman ge\u00e7tikten sonra g\u00fcncelli\u011fini kaybetmi\u015f say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 somut olaya g\u00f6re belirlenir. Nitekim g\u00fcncellik , soyut bir kavram olup olay veya durumun g\u00fcncel olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 olay\u0131n niteli\u011fine ,yere, zamana, ki\u015fiye g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n -\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fin yay\u0131nda kalmas\u0131nda kamu yarar\u0131 bulunmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Kamu yarar\u0131 bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, olaya ve ki\u015filere g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. Nitekim toplum taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nan birine ili\u015fkin i\u00e7eri\u011fin kamu yarar\u0131 nedeniyle daha uzun s\u00fcre yay\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 gerekebilir.<\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin bir belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 usuls\u00fczl\u00fck ile milletvekilinin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 usuls\u00fczl\u00fck olaylar\u0131n\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ayn\u0131 noktada olmad\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n -\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fin yay\u0131nda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre de\u011ferlendirilmelidir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc unutulma hakk\u0131 zaman unsurunu i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Unutulma hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda i\u00e7eri\u011fin silinmesi ya da eri\u015fimin engellenmesi i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcre somut olaya ve ki\u015fisel veri sahibinin ya\u015fam\u0131na sosyal \u00e7evresine g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilir. Makul s\u00fcre,her olay bak\u0131m\u0131ndan farkl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin Yarg\u0131tay\u00a0 19.Ceza Daire bir karar\u0131nda, pek \u00e7ok ki\u015finin doland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kamuoyunda \u201cAhtapot \u00c7etesi\u201d olarak bilinen soru\u015fturma kapsam\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen i\u015flemler hakk\u0131nda yap\u0131lan, 15 y\u0131l \u00f6nce haz\u0131rlanan\u00a0 ve halen yay\u0131nda bulunan internet yay\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n, haberin verili\u015f amac\u0131n\u0131n kamuoyunu ayd\u0131nlatmak oldu\u011fu, eri\u015fimin engellenmesi talep edilen haberin, toplum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u00fcncelli\u011fini ve kamuoyu ilgisini yitirmedi\u011fi, bu haliyle yay\u0131nlanmaya devam eden haberin ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etmedi\u011fi internet yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n internet ar\u015fivinde kolayl\u0131kla ula\u015f\u0131labilir k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli haber ve bilgilendirme de\u011ferinin devam etti\u011fi, bu ba\u011flamda \u201cunutulma hakk\u0131\u201d kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmeyi zorunlu k\u0131lacak \u015fartlar\u0131n olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar vermi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 Ceza Dairesi bir ba\u015fka karar\u0131nda, 9 y\u0131l \u00f6nce i\u015flenen su\u00e7un \u015f\u00fcphelileri olan ve yarg\u0131lama sonucu beraat eden\u00a0 \u015fah\u0131slar\u0131n isimlerinin \u201c\u00f6rg\u00fct, fuhu\u015f ve insan ticareti\u201d gibi kelimelerin yan\u0131nda an\u0131lmaya devam etmesinin, \u015feref ve haysiyetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 bir eylem oldu\u011funu ,aradan ge\u00e7en dokuz y\u0131l sonra, haberin \u201cg\u00fcncellik\u201d de\u011ferini yitirdi\u011fi, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla haberin o tarihte \u201cger\u00e7eklik ve do\u011fruluk\u201d kriterlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k bir \u00f6nemi kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan habere eri\u015fimin engellenmesine karar verilmesi gerekti\u011fine h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir ki,somut olay ve \u015fartlar dahilinde unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in 9 y\u0131l yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclebilirken, 15 y\u0131l s\u00fcre yeterli g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyebilir.<\/p>\n – \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fin olgusal ger\u00e7ekler ya da de\u011fer yarg\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7erip i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi ,\u00f6znesinin siyaset\u00e7i veya \u00fcnl\u00fc olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u00e7eri\u011fin tarihsel bilgi veya bilimsel veri niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131p ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi unsurlar \u00f6nemlidir. . Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ,ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131 ,unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 tek boyutlu,kal\u0131pla\u015fm\u0131\u015f k\u0131staslara g\u00f6re\u00a0 de\u011fil hem kamu hem ki\u015fisel verinin \u00f6znesi hem de hakkaniyet \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n UNUTULMA HAKKI VE \u0130FADE \u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc \u00c7ATI\u015eMASI<\/p>\n Unutulma hakk\u0131 , ki\u015finin manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve yeni bir hayat kurabilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte ise de \u00f6\u011fretide ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131n\u0131n me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131rma arac\u0131 olarak nitelendirilmi\u015f ve s\u0131kl\u0131kla ele\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 belirlenirken yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan k\u0131staslar \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde somut olaya g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ki\u015fisel Verileri Koruma Kurulu, 8.12.2020 tarihli ve 2020\/927 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 ve\u00a0 benzer kararlar\u0131nda unutulma hakk\u0131nda k\u0131stas olarak ; \u0130lgili ki\u015finin kamusal ya\u015famda \u00f6nemli bir role sahip olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ki\u015fisel veri\u00a0 \u00a0\u00f6znesinin re\u015fit olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ilgili ki\u015fi kendisine ait bilginin do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ,arama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131nda yer alan bilginin, ilgili ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda hakaret, onur k\u0131r\u0131c\u0131, iftira niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131p ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131,\u00a0 arama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131nda yer alan bilginin \u00f6zel nitelikli ki\u015fisel veri (hassas veri) olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131,\u00a0 \u00a0g\u00fcncellik ve zaman, bilginin ilgili ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nyarg\u0131ya sebep olmas\u0131, arama sonucunda yer alan bilginin ilgili ki\u015fi i\u00e7in risk do\u011furmas\u0131, bilginin ki\u015finin kendisi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlan\u0131p yay\u0131mlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00a0orijinal i\u00e7eri\u011fin gazetecilik faaliyeti kapsam\u0131nda i\u015flenen verileri kapsay\u0131p kapsamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00a0ilgili ki\u015fiye ait \u00a0bilgilerin yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131n yasal olarak zorunlu olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bilginin ilgili ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda ceza gerektiren bir su\u00e7la ilgili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kriterlerini kabul etmi\u015f olsa da bu kriterlerin\u00a0 kriterler her somut olay \u00f6zelinde de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.KVKK\u00a0 arama motoru indekslerinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin\u00a0 2020\/481 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda ;ilgili ki\u015finin arama motorlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden kendi ad\u0131 ve soyad\u0131 ile yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir arama sonucunda g\u00f6sterilen sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n indeksten \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik taleplerin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde, ilgili ki\u015finin temel hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri ile kamunun s\u00f6z konusu bilgiyi edinmesinden sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 menfaatler aras\u0131nda bir denge testi yap\u0131lmas\u0131, yar\u0131\u015fan menfaatlerden hangisinin a\u011f\u0131r bast\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zetilmesi ve bu de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131l\u0131rken \u00f6ncelikli olarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtilen linkte yer verilen a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 ancak bu konudaki \u015fik\u00e2yetlerin de\u011ferlendirme s\u00fcrecinde dikkate al\u0131nacak kriterlerin bunlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmayaca\u011f\u0131, her somut olay \u00f6zelinde Kurulca ilave \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlerin de g\u00fcndeme gelebilece\u011fini ifade etmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/p>\n Ki\u015fisel Verileri Koruma Kurulunun 8.12.2020 tarihli ve 2020\/927 say\u0131l\u0131 karara konu olayda\u00a0 ba\u015fvuran\u0131n \u00fcniversitede \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi olarak g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde akademik kadro ilan\u0131 verildi\u011fi, kadro i\u00e7in s\u0131navlar\u0131n usul\u00fcne uygun \u015fekilde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kadro i\u00e7in aile yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131navlarda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu, ancak sosyal medyada bu kadro i\u015fe al\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgili do\u011fru olmayan haberlerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00fcniversitenin tepkiler \u00fczerine soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131, soru\u015fturma sonucunda bir usuls\u00fczl\u00fck olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcniversite taraf\u0131ndan tespit edildi\u011fi, haberlerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 talebi ile arama motoruna ba\u015fvuruda bulundu\u011fu ancak arama motoru taraf\u0131ndan URL\u2019ler hakk\u0131nda herhangi bir i\u015flem yap\u0131lmamas\u0131na karar verildi\u011fi ve ilgili ki\u015finin kald\u0131rma talebini s\u00f6z konusu siteyi kontrol eden web y\u00f6neticisine g\u00f6nderebilece\u011fi bilgisinin taraf\u0131na iletildi\u011fi, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla arama motoru taraf\u0131ndan ilgili ki\u015finin talebinin kar\u015f\u0131lanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu kapsamda yap\u0131lan haberlerin aile yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ve kendisinin kamuda g\u00f6rev yapmas\u0131n\u0131 ve hayat\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkiledi\u011fi belirtilerek s\u00f6z konusu i\u00e7eriklerin arama motorunda indekslenmeyecek \u015fekilde teknik d\u00fczenlemeye tabi tutulmas\u0131 talep edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n \u0130lgili ki\u015finin kamu \u00fcniversitesinde g\u00f6rev yapmakta oldu\u011fu, ba\u015fvuru konusu hususlarda ilgili ki\u015finin aile yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 ile ilgili usuls\u00fczl\u00fck iddialar\u0131 sonucunda \u00fcniversite taraf\u0131ndan soru\u015fturma a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgisinin do\u011fru oldu\u011fu, s\u00f6z konusu ba\u011flant\u0131larda yer alan haberin ilgili ki\u015finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131na ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu ve ilgili ki\u015finin h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda ayn\u0131 i\u015fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, bilgilerin \u00f6zel nitelikli ki\u015fisel veri niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131, yap\u0131lan haberlerin 2020 tarihli oldu\u011fu, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00fcncel oldu\u011fu, bilginin ki\u015fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan risk do\u011furmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve i\u00e7eriklerin gazetecilik faaliyeti kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilebilece\u011fi, \u00f6te yandan, bilginin ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda \u00f6n yarg\u0131ya sebep olabilece\u011fi ancak bunun kan\u0131tlanabilir nitelikte olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ilgili ki\u015fiye ili\u015fkin bilgilerin yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131nda yasal zorunluluk bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bilginin ki\u015finin kendisi taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bilginin ceza gerektiren bir su\u00e7la ilgili olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak ilgili ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan i\u00e7eriklerin arama motorundan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki talebine ili\u015fkin olarak veri sorumlusu taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan i\u015flemin 23.06.2020 tarih ve 2020\/481 say\u0131l\u0131 Kurul Karar\u0131 ekinde yer alan kriterler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yerinde oldu\u011funa, bu kapsamda s\u00f6z konusu \u015fikayet ile ilgili olarak Kanun kapsam\u0131nda tesis edilecek bir i\u015flem bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n SONU\u00c7<\/p>\n Dijital \u00e7a\u011f ve internet kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ,bu durumun verilerin uzun y\u0131llar saklanmas\u0131yla \u00a0unutulmas\u0131n\u0131 neredeyse imkans\u0131z hale getirmesi ve bu verilere eri\u015fimin kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ki\u015filerin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 koruyarak ,ge\u00e7mi\u015flerinden s\u0131yr\u0131l\u0131p yeni bir hayata ba\u015flamalar\u0131na engel olmakta , seneler i\u00e7inde kendisi de\u011fi\u015fse de toplum nezdindeki intibas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiremeyen bireyler toplumsal ya\u015famdan d\u0131\u015flanma tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalmaktad\u0131r. Unutulma hakk\u0131 \u00f6zellikle su\u00e7 i\u015fleyen bireylerin yeniden topluma kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ,ki\u015fisel verilerin korunmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Ancak unutulma hakk\u0131 ,ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile \u00e7at\u0131\u015fan bir hak olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6\u011fretide ,\u00f6zellikle ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne verilen \u00f6nem yasalar\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anla\u015f\u0131lan Amerikan doktrininde s\u0131kl\u0131kla ele\u015ftirilmektedir. Bu konuda Ki\u015fisel Verileri Koruma Kurulu ,Yarg\u0131tay ve Anayasa mahkemesi kesin kriterler belirlememi\u015f olup ,somut olay nezdinde de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulamaktad\u0131r. Unutulma hakk\u0131 son y\u0131llarda g\u00fcndemde olup, de\u011fi\u015fen d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni ile \u00f6nemi artacak ,bu konuda hak ihlallerinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in yasal d\u00fczenleme ve bilimsek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yo\u011funluk kazanacakt\u0131r. Unutulma hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik talepler ,Sulh Hukuk Mahkemeleri nezdinde ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ve hak kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in bu konuda bilgi sahibi olunmas\u0131 ki\u015fisel hayat\u0131n mahremiyetinin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" UNUTULMA HAKKI VE \u0130FADE \u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc Unutulma hakk\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keni ,20.y\u00fczy\u0131l K\u0131ta Avrupas\u0131 hukukuna dayansa da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde s\u0131kl\u0131kla internet ortam\u0131ndaki veriler i\u00e7in g\u00fcndeme gelmektedir.\u00a0\u00a0 20.y\u00fczy\u0131lda bilgisayar\u0131n icat edilmesiyle ba\u015flayan teknoloji \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ,ve bilgisayar\u0131n ke\u015ffini takip eden teknolojik geli\u015fmeler ba\u015fta sosyal hayat olmak …<\/p>\n UNUTULMA HAKKI VE \u0130FADE \u00d6ZG\u00dcRL\u00dc\u011e\u00dc<\/span> Devam\u0131n\u0131 Oku »<\/a><\/p>\nRead More<\/i><\/a>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-makaleler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=153"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":154,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/153\/revisions\/154"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kriminalofis.com\/hubider\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
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